fullness of the Gentiles

fulness of the Gentiles

Romans 11:25 For I would not, brethren, that ye should be ignorant of this mystery, lest ye should be wise in your own conceits; that blindness in part is happened to Israel, until the fulness of the Gentiles be come in.

that blindness in part is happened to Israel
until the fulness of the Gentiles be come in

Foundational Topics

Romans 11, contains other of those challenging passages, in the book of Romans, to scripturally interpret. Before my commentary is given on verses 11, 13-25 and 28-36, under this discussion on the fullness of the Gentiles, I’m going to give a general view as to where I’m coming from in approaching this topic.

Obviously, whether scriptural or unscriptural, one’s view on so many other related issues, plays a role in how they interpret segments of Romans 11. To be fair to the reader, I’m going to lay out my position on two topics, that are to be taken into consideration, when giving my interpretation of the passages in Roman’s 11. The first subject will be that as to where I start the church, the body of Christ, with focus turning to Jew and Gentile being on equal basis. The second topic will be on the mystery in 1 Corinthians 15, that’s associated with the ‘rapture’.

Start of the Church the Body of Christ?

When and where did the church, the body of Christ, start? Who’s in and who’s out? How does one’s view on this topic play into definition of the fullness of the Gentiles?

Many don’t even give the start of the church a second thought, simply accepting what’s commonly taught, that being on the day of Pentecost in Acts 2. Others, including a camp in which I fall into, who recognize obvious distinctions between the ministries of the Twelve to Israel, from that of Paul, the apostle to the Gentiles, raise certain questions regardless of what position is taken… Acts 2? Acts 9? Acts 13? Acts 19? Acts 28?

My theology, throughout Acts, is based on distinctions seen between the kingdom gospel offered to Israel, by the Apostles, from that of Paul’s gospel to the Gentiles. These differences are recognized by most all who start the body of Christ other than Acts 2, but don’t necessarily agree after that. The debate, on one hand, is rather simple. If the church, which is his body, wherein Jew and Gentile stand on equal basis, didn’t have its beginning in Acts 2, then when did it start? At Paul’s conversion in Acts 9? What about Acts 13, when the ‘door of faith’ was opened up to the Gentile via Paul’s gospel, which is ‘of faith’, to be made known for obedience to all nations, which would then include both Jew and Gentile? And so on…

Those who start the church after Acts 2, typically build a case on circumstantial evidence and not on a clear statement as to where it actually started. For instance, Paul was the first, as a pattern of longsuffering to those who would hereafter believe on him to everlasting life (1 Tim 1:16). However, it doesn’t say that he was the first member of the church, which is His body? Actually, Paul states that there were those in Christ before him… “Salute Andronicus and Junia, my kinsmen, and my fellowprisoners, who are of note among the apostles, who also were in Christ before me.” Romans 16:7 One other example, of circumstantial evidence, is seen in making a case after Acts 28. The mystery, of Israel’s blindness in part, till the fullness of the Gentiles be come in, is obviously in full swing after Paul’s announcement… “Be it known therefore unto you, that the salvation of God is sent unto the Gentiles, and that they will hear it.” Acts 28:28. Again, there’s no declaration as to Acts 28 being the start of the church, which is his body; as with Paul's conversion, it’s circumstantial evidence.

Hopes and Callings

Hopes and callings become a major focus in the discussion regarding when the church started. In other words, who is going to be where and doing what after the return of Christ? We already know what the twelve Apostles will be doing… “And Jesus said unto them, Verily I say unto you, That ye which have followed me, in the regeneration when the Son of man shall sit in the throne of his glory, ye also shall sit upon twelve thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel.” Matthew 19:28

What about the rest of us?

Regardless of being right or wrong, each should be convinced of their position on any issue in the bible or at least present in such a way for the recipient to investigate and decide for themselves. Unfortunately, most of the time, preachers and teachers teach on any subject same as had been taught and typically, in line with their denomination. Topics in the bible should be presented in such a way that makes sense both to the presenter, as well as to the one being presented. As to when the church, the body of Christ started, I’m simply going to show what makes bible-sense to me.

How Many Churches?

One or Two?

Some dispensationalists see two distinct bodies based on hopes and callings. One body being Israel with Jewish distinction and the other being the church, the body of Christ, without distinction between Jew and Gentile. In other words… separate callings with separate bodies. Other dispensationalists are against any idea, of placing the early Act’s Jewish believers, in the body of Christ, because... as correctly observed, the commission’s inclusion is Israel only. Peter’s offer of the return of Christ was based on the repentance of the Jew, not the Gentile (Acts 3:19-20). There is NO preacher today that offers the return of Christ based on the response from his Gentile or Jewish congregation!

Though recognizing the various hopes and callings, as do other dispensationalists, what I see are not two separate bodies, with separate hopes and callings, but one body wherein are separate hopes and callings… “That in the dispensation of the fulness of times he might gather together in one all things in Christ, both which are in heaven, and which are on earth; in him:” Ephesians 1:10.

To prove the point I’m making, while at same time still laying foundation for topic at hand, following is a list of passages relating to the resurrected position of the Lord Jesus Christ. Scriptures are taken from the gospels, Acts, the Pauline and non-Pauline epistles.

Beginning of the Church B

The Resurrected Position of Christ

...sat on the right hand of God

Mark 16:19-20 So then after the Lord had spoken unto them, he was received up into heaven, and sat on the right hand of God. 20 And they went forth, and preached every where, the Lord working with them, and confirming the word with signs following. Amen.

...being by the right hand of God exalted

Acts 2:32-33 This Jesus hath God raised up, whereof we all are witnesses. 33 Therefore being by the right hand of God exalted, and having received of the Father the promise of the Holy Ghost, he hath shed forth this, which ye now see and hear.

...Him hath God exalted with his right hand

Acts 5:30-31 The God of our fathers raised up Jesus, whom ye slew and hanged on a tree. 31 Him hath God exalted with his right hand to be a Prince and a Saviour, for to give repentance to Israel, and forgiveness of sins.

...the Son of man standing on the right hand of God

Acts 7:55-56 But he, being full of the Holy Ghost, looked up stedfastly into heaven, and saw the glory of God, and Jesus standing on the right hand of God, 56 And said, Behold, I see the heavens opened, and the Son of man standing on the right hand of God.

...sat down on the right hand of the Majesty on high

Hebrews 1:3 Who being the brightness of his glory, and the express image of his person, and upholding all things by the word of his power, when he had by himself purged our sins, sat down on the right hand of the Majesty on high;

...who is set on the right hand of the throne of the Majesty in the heavens

Hebrews 8:1 Now of the things which we have spoken this is the sum: We have such an high priest, who is set on the right hand of the throne of the Majesty in the heavens;

...sat down on the right hand of God

Hebrews 10:12 But this man, after he had offered one sacrifice for sins for ever, sat down on the right hand of God;

...is on the right hand of God

1 Peter 3:22 Who is gone into heaven, and is on the right hand of God; angels and authorities and powers being made subject unto him.

...who is even at the right hand of God

Romans 8:34 Who is he that condemneth? It is Christ that died, yea rather, that is risen again, who is even at the right hand of God, who also maketh intercession for us.

...set him at his own right hand in the heavenly places

Ephesians 1:20-21 Which he wrought in Christ, when he raised him from the dead, and set him at his own right hand in the heavenly places, 21 Far above all principality, and power, and might, and dominion, and every name that is named, not only in this world, but also in that which is to come:

...ascended up far above all heavens

Ephesians 4:10 He that descended is the same also that ascended up far above all heavens, that he might fill all things.

...where Christ sitteth on the right hand of God

Colossians 3:1 If ye then be risen with Christ, seek those things which are above, where Christ sitteth on the right hand of God.

If familiar with the scriptures, one should automatically recognize, from the context of each, a people group in which a particular passage is being addressed. Outside of Romans, Ephesians and Colossians, it’s Israel. As a side note, unless one ascribes the authorship of Hebrews to be Paul, all of his epistles are void of any reference as to the priest work of Christ. Hebrews is addressed to Jewish believers and even if Paul was the author, the audience is of significance. We are about to demonstrate that last point.

Keeping in mind references to Christ’s current resurrected position, found in Ephesians and Colossians, focus now turns to commentary made by Paul, in these epistles that are addressed to converted non-covenanted Gentiles. One other thing to keep in mind, in addressing these epistles, within context of the ‘fulness of the Gentiles’, is that I personally believe that these Gentiles were saved sometime during Act’s 19 and thereafter.

Epistles Addressed to Converted Non-Covenanted Gentles

Converted Non-Covenanted Gentiles

Ephesians 1:9-23 Having made known unto us the mystery of his will, according to his good pleasure which he hath purposed in himself: 10 That in the dispensation of the fulness of times he might gather together in one all things in Christ, both which are in heaven, and which are on earth; even in him: 11 In whom also we have obtained an inheritance, being predestinated according to the purpose of him who worketh all things after the counsel of his own will: 12 That we should be to the praise of his glory, who first trusted in Christ. 13 In whom ye also trusted, after that ye heard the word of truth, the gospel of your salvation: in whom also after that ye believed, ye were sealed with that holy Spirit of promise, 14 Which is the earnest of our inheritance until the redemption of the purchased possession, unto the praise of his glory. 15 Wherefore I also, after I heard of your faith in the Lord Jesus, and love unto all the saints, 16 Cease not to give thanks for you, making mention of you in my prayers; 17 That the God of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of glory, may give unto you the spirit of wisdom and revelation in the knowledge of him: 18 The eyes of your understanding being enlightened; that ye may know what is the hope of his calling, and what the riches of the glory of his inheritance in the saints, 19 And what is the exceeding greatness of his power to us-ward who believe, according to the working of his mighty power, 20 Which he wrought in Christ, when he raised him from the dead, and set him at his own right hand in the heavenly places, 21 Far above all principality, and power, and might, and dominion, and every name that is named, not only in this world, but also in that which is to come: 22 And hath put all things under his feet, and gave him to be the head over all things to the church, 23 Which is his body, the fulness of him that filleth all in all.

Ephesians 2:11-13 Wherefore remember, that ye being in time past Gentiles in the flesh, who are called Uncircumcision by that which is called the Circumcision in the flesh made by hands; 12 That at that time ye were without Christ, being aliens from the commonwealth of Israel, and strangers from the covenants of promise, having no hope, and without God in the world: 13 But now in Christ Jesus ye who sometimes were far off are made nigh by the blood of Christ... 18-22 For through him we both have access by one Spirit unto the Father. 19 Now therefore ye are no more strangers and foreigners, but fellowcitizens with the saints, and of the household of God; 20 And are built upon the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Jesus Christ himself being the chief corner stone; 21 In whom all the building fitly framed together groweth unto an holy temple in the Lord: 22 In whom ye also are builded together for an habitation of God through the Spirit.

Ephesians 4:10 He that descended is the same also that ascended up far above all heavens, that he might fill all things.

Converted Non-Covenanted Gentiles

Colossians 1:3-5 We give thanks to God and the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, praying always for you, 4 Since we heard of your faith in Christ Jesus, and of the love which ye have to all the saints, 5 For the hope which is laid up for you in heaven, whereof ye heard before in the word of the truth of the gospel;

Colossians 1:9 For this cause we also, since the day we heard it, do not cease to pray for you, and to desire that ye might be filled with the knowledge of his will in all wisdom and spiritual understanding;

Colossians 1:12-13 Giving thanks unto the Father, which hath made us meet to be partakers of the inheritance of the saints in light: 13 Who hath delivered us from the power of darkness, and hath translated us into the kingdom of his dear Son:

Colossians 1:18-27 And he is the head of the body, the church: who is the beginning, the firstborn from the dead; that in all things he might have the preeminence. 19 For it pleased the Father that in him should all fulness dwell; 20 And, having made peace through the blood of his cross, by him to reconcile all things unto himself; by him, I say, whether they be things in earth, or things in heaven. 21 And you, that were sometime alienated and enemies in your mind by wicked works, yet now hath he reconciled 22 In the body of his flesh through death, to present you holy and unblameable and unreproveable in his sight: 23 If ye continue in the faith grounded and settled, and be not moved away from the hope of the gospel, which ye have heard, and which was preached to every creature which is under heaven; whereof I Paul am made a minister; 24 Who now rejoice in my sufferings for you, and fill up that which is behind of the afflictions of Christ in my flesh for his body's sake, which is the church: 25 Whereof I am made a minister, according to the dispensation of God which is given to me for you, to fulfil the word of God; 26 Even the mystery which hath been hid from ages and from generations, but now is made manifest to his saints: 27 To whom God would make known what is the riches of the glory of this mystery among the Gentiles; which is Christ in you, the hope of glory:

Colossians 3:1 If ye then be risen with Christ, seek those things which are above, where Christ sitteth on the right hand of God.

Fulfilling the Fulness of the Gentiles

Reflecting upon these passages, we’re going to point out numerous things directly relating to this audience, in fulfilling the fulness of the Gentiles, within the body of Christ.

A. Reminded of Their Past

These converted non-covenanted Gentiles are reminded of their past outside the covenant promises to Israel.

That at that time ye were without Christ, being aliens from the commonwealth of Israel, and strangers from the covenants of promise, having no hope, and without God in the world
…And you, that were sometime alienated and enemies in your mind by wicked works, yet now hath he reconciled

This is the condition that the Gentile was in since the establishment of the covenants with Israel, that existed up through to the ministry of Paul, the apostle to the Gentiles.

B. A Second Wave of Gentiles Being Saved

Something that could easily be overlooked, in a causal reading, is in a distinction Paul makes between himself and these Gentiles. Paul identifies himself with those who ‘first trusted in Christ’! I believe that Paul’s identity, to those who first trusted in Christ, would include not only believers before his conversion, but also those Gentiles saved under the opening, of the door of faith, after Acts 13. In other words, Paul is addressing Gentiles who are not necessarily direct converts of his, but via other Gentiles, as a result of his ministry… “For this cause I Paul, the prisoner of Jesus Christ for you Gentiles, If ye have heard of the dispensation of the grace of God which is given me to you-ward:” Ephesians 3:1-2

That we should be to the praise of his glory, who first trusted in Christ. 13 In whom ye also trusted, after that ye heard the word of truth, the gospel of your salvation: in whom also after that ye believed, ye were sealed with that holy Spirit of promise

What Paul writes, in these two epistles, leaves no room for compromise, in being judged by others, as he did for those Gentiles in the mid-Acts period (Cp. Rom 14:1-6 & 1 Cor 10:23-33 w/Col 2:16).

Colossians 2:16 Let no man therefore judge you in meat, or in drink, or in respect of an holyday, or of the new moon, or of the sabbath days:

Both epistles are written from Paul’s imprisonment in Rome. As a side note, for what it is worth, neither of these epistles deal with the subject of the ‘faith of Abraham’, as does Romans and Galatians. Chances are, that from the background of these Gentiles, the history on Abraham and covenant promises could be mostly, if not entirely, foreign to them? This certainly was the case with those whom Paul met with, in the market place, as described in Acts 17:18-34! Also, the background of these Jews and Greeks, to whom he was now reaching out to, is clearly defined in Acts 19:27-41… “So that not only this our craft is in danger to be set at nought; but also that the temple of the great goddess Diana should be despised, and her magnificence should be destroyed, whom all Asia and the world worshippeth.” Acts 19:27

… whom all Asia and the world worshippeth.

Here again, we must be reminded that Paul broke with protocol, while at Ephesus (Acts 19), in meeting with Jews and Gentiles in and around the synagogues. Paul is no longer dealing with a crowd of Greeks/Gentiles, who feared God, such that Cornelius and his household would have identified with!

Paul then later meets with elders of a church that was established at Ephesus, no doubt after Acts 18.

Acts 19:9-10 But when divers were hardened, and believed not, but spake evil of that way before the multitude, he departed from them, and separated the disciples, disputing daily in the school of one Tyrannus. 10 And this continued by the space of two years; so that all they which dwelt in Asia heard the word of the Lord Jesus, both Jews and Greeks.

Acts 20:17 And from Miletus he sent to Ephesus, and called the elders of the church.

Acts 20:20-21 And how I kept back nothing that was profitable unto you, but have shewed you, and have taught you publickly, and from house to house, 21 Testifying both to the Jews, and also to the Greeks, repentance toward God, and faith toward our Lord Jesus Christ.

Acts 20:24 But none of these things move me, neither count I my life dear unto myself, so that I might finish my course with joy, and the ministry, which I have received of the Lord Jesus, to testify the gospel of the grace of God.

Acts 20:28 Take heed therefore unto yourselves, and to all the flock, over the which the Holy Ghost hath made you overseers, to feed the church of God, which he hath purchased with his own blood.

Acts 20:32 And now, brethren, I commend you to God, and to the word of his grace, which is able to build you up, and to give you an inheritance among all them which are sanctified.

...and to give you an inheritance among all them which are sanctified.

Second wave Gentiles C

C. A Product of Paul’s Ministry and Gospel

These Gentiles, as were the Gentiles saved after the opening of the door of faith in Acts 13, were a direct result of both a ministry and message given to Paul. The Twelve Apostles had absolutely NO part in this outreach of ministry… “And when James, Cephas, and John, who seemed to be pillars, perceived the grace that was given unto me, they gave to me and Barnabas the right hands of fellowship; that we should go unto the heathen, and they unto the circumcision.” Galatians 2:9

Ephesians 3:1-2 For this cause I Paul, the prisoner of Jesus Christ for you Gentiles, 2 If ye have heard of the dispensation of the grace of God which is given me to you-ward:

I Paul, the prisoner of Jesus Christ for you Gentiles
If ye have heard
of the dispensation of the grace of God
which is given me to you-ward

Ephesians 3:6-7 That the Gentiles should be fellowheirs, and of the same body, and partakers of his promise in Christ by the gospel: 7 Whereof I was made a minister, according to the gift of the grace of God given unto me by the effectual working of his power.

the Gentiles should be fellowheirs, and of the same body
partakers of his promise in Christ by the gospel
Whereof I was made a minister

In spite of the fact that most of the main line denominations are going about to fulfill a commission given to the Twelve, these Gentiles were saved under a commission directed through Paul.

D. Mystery Hid in God

Paul’s gospel, the preaching of Jesus Christ, according to the revelation of the mystery, which was kept secret since the world began, was hid in the prophets till revealed to and through Paul. Unlike Paul’s gospel, which could be supported by the prophets, that these Gentiles should be fellowheirs and of same body, was not only a mystery hid in God, but also unsearchable in the prophets.

Ephesians 3:4-9 Whereby, when ye read, ye may understand my knowledge in the mystery of Christ) 5 Which in other ages was not made known unto the sons of men, as it is now revealed unto his holy apostles and prophets by the Spirit; 6 That the Gentiles should be fellowheirs, and of the same body, and partakers of his promise in Christ by the gospel: 7 Whereof I was made a minister, according to the gift of the grace of God given unto me by the effectual working of his power. 8 Unto me, who am less than the least of all saints, is this grace given, that I should preach among the Gentiles the unsearchable riches of Christ; 9 And to make all men see what is the fellowship of the mystery, which from the beginning of the world hath been hid in God, who created all things by Jesus Christ:

Whereby, when ye read, ye may understand my knowledge in the mystery of Christ
That the Gentiles should be fellowheirs, and of the same body, and partakers of his promise in Christ by the gospel: 7 Whereof I was made a minister…
that I should preach among the Gentiles the unsearchable riches of Christ
And to make all men see what is the fellowship of the mystery, which from the beginning of the world hath been hid in God, who created all things by Jesus Christ

The Old Testament covers a time period in which Israel was blessed with the presence of the LORD. The Mosaic Covenant excluded the Gentile, who is depicted by Paul in Romans 1, as those who God gave up and then over to a reprobate mind. The prophets prophesied a time in which covenants made to Abraham, Moses and David would once again be blessed with God’s presence. Never foreseen, in the prophets, was the day in which those depicted by Paul, in Romans 1, would be of the same body as the Jew.

E. Mystery Among the Gentiles

There is another aspect of this that is often overlooked. Paul wrote to the Corinthians… “Therefore if any man be in Christ, he is a new creature: old things are passed away; behold, all things are become new.” 2 Corinthians 5:17 This is different from the point that Paul makes in addressing both the Ephesians and Colossians. As already pointed out, that the Gentiles should be fellowheirs, and of the same body, and partakers of his promise in Christ by the gospel in which Paul was appointed, was a mystery hid in God. That Christ would function in the Gentile today, to perform His will, much like He intended in the early Jewish church, was in of itself a mystery hid from ages and from generations!

Colossians 1:26-28 Even the mystery which hath been hid from ages and from generations, but now is made manifest to his saints: 27 To whom God would make known what is the riches of the glory of this mystery among the Gentiles; which is Christ in you, the hope of glory: 28 Whom we preach, warning every man, and teaching every man in all wisdom; that we may present every man perfect in Christ Jesus:

To whom God would make known what is the riches of the glory of this mystery among the Gentiles
which is Christ in you, the hope of glory

Ephesians 4:6 One God and Father of all, who is above all, and through all, and in you all.

As the Lord worked in the midst of His Apostles, in following their commission (Mk 16:19-20), so He works today… “As ye have therefore received Christ Jesus the Lord, so walk ye in him: Rooted and built up in him, and stablished in the faith, as ye have been taught, abounding therein with thanksgiving.” Colossians 2:6-7

F. Of the Household of God

Being a Jew himself, in speaking on behalf of the nation of Israel, Paul declares that as the Jew had access unto the Father by one Spirit, so the Gentile now has that same access. Being made nigh by the blood of Christ with the middle wall of partition, contained in ordinances, taken out of the way, the non-covenanted Gentile now finds themselves within the household of God.

Ephesians 2:13-16 But now in Christ Jesus ye who sometimes were far off are made nigh by the blood of Christ. 14 For he is our peace, who hath made both one, and hath broken down the middle wall of partition between us; 15 Having abolished in his flesh the enmity, even the law of commandments contained in ordinances; for to make in himself of twain one new man, so making peace; 16 And that he might reconcile both unto God in one body by the cross, having slain the enmity thereby:

But now in Christ Jesus ye who sometimes were far off are made nigh by the blood of Christ
For he is our peace, who hath made both one, and hath broken down the middle wall of partition between us
for to make in himself of twain one new man, so making peace
that he might reconcile both unto God in one body by the cross, having slain the enmity thereby

Ephesians 2:18-22

For through him we both have access by one Spirit unto the Father
Now therefore ye are no more strangers and foreigners, but fellowcitizens with the saints, and of the household of God
And are built upon the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Jesus Christ himself being the chief corner stone
In whom all the building fitly framed together groweth unto an holy temple in the Lord
In whom ye also are builded together for an habitation of God through the Spirit

What is essential to understand is that these Gentiles, now belonging to the household of God, are part of a building being fitly framed together growing unto an holy temple in the Lord. Built upon the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Jesus Christ himself being the chief corner stone, converted Gentiles today are builded together for an habitation of God through the Spirit.

This building process of the household of God, progressing through hopes and callings, encompasses both heaven and earth.

The sequence, in this building process, will be addressed shortly.

G. Reassuring the Hope of Their Calling

Paul found need to inform these converted non-covenanted Gentiles as to how they fit into the scheme of things relating to the eternal purpose of God. What, if any, inheritance do they have outside the covenant promise to Abraham regarding a land? This reassurance is found in Paul’s opening statement… “Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who hath blessed us with all spiritual blessings in heavenly places in Christ:” Ephesians 1:3

Cease not to give thanks for you, making mention of you in my prayers… The eyes of your understanding being enlightened; that ye may know what is the hope of his calling, and what the riches of the glory of his inheritance in the saints
In whom also we have obtained an inheritance, being predestinated according to the purpose of him who worketh all things after the counsel of his own will
If ye then be risen with Christ, seek those things which are above, where Christ sitteth on the right hand of God

Remember Paul’s speech to the Ephesian elders?… “And now, brethren, I commend you to God, and to the word of his grace, which is able to build you up, and to give you an inheritance among all them which are sanctified.”

Unlike the covenant promise to Abraham’s seed to inherit a land, their inheritance is associated with all spiritual blessings in heavenly places in Christ. Here, we’re reminded of which direction the LORD had Abraham to look when Abraham had imputed righteousness based on simply believing a promise made… “And he brought him forth abroad, and said, Look now toward heaven, and tell the stars, if thou be able to number them: and he said unto him, So shall thy seed be. And he believed in the LORD; and he counted it to him for righteousness.” Genesis 15:5-6

H. Dispensation of the Fullness of Times

In addressing the inheritance of the saints, Paul reveals that it will be in the dispensation of the fullness of times (which I believe to be immediately after Christ’s coming), in which God will gather together all things in Christ, both which are in heaven, and which are on earth; even in him. Here it is important to recognize distinction in hopes and callings regarding those who are in Christ! There’s absolutely no evidence of anyone being in Christ before the resurrection! The scripture can easily be searched to show who was in Christ and its beginning, which will be demonstrated shortly.

Having made known unto us the mystery of his will, according to his good pleasure which he hath purposed in himself:
That in the dispensation of the fulness of times he might gather together in one all things in Christ, both which are in heaven, and which are on earth; even in him

Purposed in himself, things that are recognized, both which are in heaven and which are on earth, that are in him, will be gathered together in one. In other words, the temple will be complete and distinguishable in the fullness of times… “And to make all men see what is the fellowship of the mystery, which from the beginning of the world hath been hid in God, who created all things by Jesus Christ: 10 To the intent that now unto the principalities and powers in heavenly places might be known by the church the manifold wisdom of God, 11 According to the eternal purpose which he purposed in Christ Jesus our Lord:” Ephesians 3:9-11

Notice very carefully, how that in the context of ‘all things’, it is the church being the manifold wisdom the God, that is being recognized by the principalities and powers in heavenly places!

I. The Church, Which is His Body, The Fulness of Him that Filleth All in All

He that descended is the same also that ascended up far above all heavens
that he might fill all things

Here we see another very important aspect of the Lord’s ascension!

Among listed, was resurrection scripture depicting the Lord Jesus Christ exalted at the right of God, a Prince and a Saviour, for to give repentance to Israel, and forgiveness of sins. From a Jewish Christian’s perspective… 'he had by himself purged our sins, sat down on the right hand of the Majesty on high, now having an high priest, who is set on the right hand of the throne of the Majesty in the heavens.'

Though no mention of the Lord’s function as being an high priest, in any of his epistles directed to Gentiles, he does speak of the Lord’s intercessory work in his epistle to the Romans… ‘that is risen again, who is even at the right hand of God, who also maketh intercession for us.” And obviously, the elements of Paul’s gospel being the death, burial and resurrection of Christ and justification through faith, by grace without works, these converted non-covenanted Gentiles are reminded… “But now in Christ Jesus ye who sometimes were far off are made nigh by the blood of Christ.” Ephesians 2:13

So, what and why the emphasis of Paul on Christ’s accession far above all heavens, that he might fill all things? By now it should all be obvious! In considering the scope of the temple that God is putting together, that includes heaven and earth, even in him, the hope and calling of these converted non-covenanted Gentiles will someday play a functioning role in Christ representing the heavenly realm. This is our hope and calling!

I have seen argument made, that the ascension mentioned here by Paul, in Christ ascending up far above all heavens that he might fill all things, suggests a step further upwards from an original position at the right hand of God, to fill a higher vacancy. Though perhaps making some ‘good preaching’, this argument is rather hard to prove. True or not, the heavenly hope remains the same.

J. To Fulfil the Word of God

It is virtually impossible to separate the blindness that is in part, that has happened to Israel, until the fulness of the Gentiles be come in, from Paul’s ministry with outreach that included non-covenanted Gentiles that Paul addresses in in prison epistles.

Romans 11:13 For I speak to you Gentiles, inasmuch as I am the apostle of the Gentiles, I magnify mine office:

Ephesians 3:1-2 For this cause I Paul, the prisoner of Jesus Christ for you Gentiles, 2 If ye have heard of the dispensation of the grace of God which is given me to you-ward:

Ephesians 3:6-8 That the Gentiles should be fellowheirs, and of the same body, and partakers of his promise in Christ by the gospel: 7 Whereof I was made a minister, according to the gift of the grace of God given unto me by the effectual working of his power. 8 Unto me, who am less than the least of all saints, is this grace given, that I should preach among the Gentiles the unsearchable riches of Christ;

Colossians 1:25-27 Whereof I am made a minister, according to the dispensation of God which is given to me for you, to fulfil the word of God; 26 Even the mystery which hath been hid from ages and from generations, but now is made manifest to his saints: 27 To whom God would make known what is the riches of the glory of this mystery among the Gentiles; which is Christ in you, the hope of glory:

Whereof I am made a minister
according to the dispensation of God
which is given to me for you
to fulfil the word of God

Paul’s ministry was in fulfilling the word of God, as God began assembling the next phase in construction of the building fitly framed together that groweth unto an holy temple in the Lord. In this dispensation of the grace of God, non-covenanted Gentiles are builded together for an habitation of God, through the Spirit, that will someday be distinguished in the dispensation of the fullness of times.

Beginning of the Church

So, when did the church, the body of Christ begin? Acts 2, at Pentecost? Acts 9, with the conversion of Paul? Acts 13, with the door of faith being opened up to the Gentile? Acts 19, when Paul moved his teaching away from the synagogues? Or Acts 28, with Paul’s final announcement… “Be it known therefore unto you, that the salvation of God is sent unto the Gentiles, and they will hear it.” Acts 28:28

How about… none of the above?

I’ll never forget the response the Baptist pastor, who introduced me to dispensational distinctions, always had when this subject was brought up. He refused to be pinned down to ‘chapter & verse’, and would simply say… “The Head was in place in Acts 1.”

The argument I’m ready to present isn’t constructed on circumstanced evidence and will find its base as presented in Ephesians... "And are built upon the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Jesus Christ himself being the chief corner;” Ephesians 2:20

The Founder & Foundation of Christ’s Church

Matthew 16:15-18 He saith unto them, But whom say ye that I am? 16 And Simon Peter answered and said, Thou art the Christ, the Son of the living God. 17 And Jesus answered and said unto him, Blessed art thou, Simon Bar-jona: for flesh and blood hath not revealed it unto thee, but my Father which is in heaven. 18 And I say also unto thee, That thou art Peter, and upon this rock I will build my church; and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it.

But whom say ye that I am?
And Simon Peter answered and said
Thou art the Christ, the Son of the living God
And Jesus answered and said unto him...
upon this rock
I will build my church

Peter’s response that Jesus was the Christ, the Son of the living God, is the confession for the foundation in which Jesus stated… “and upon this rock I will build my church; and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it.”

Progression of Building the Holy Temple in the Lord

Keeping in mind Christ’s words… “I will build my church”, we begin in John 20.

John 20:21-22 Then said Jesus to them again, Peace be unto you: as my Father hath sent me, even so send I you. 22 And when he had said this, he breathed on them, and saith unto them, Receive ye the Holy Ghost:

Obviously, that which the Apostles received, in receiving the Holy Ghost as recorded here in John, has to be distinguished from the baptism, with the Holy Ghost, recorded in Acts 2, which was power from on high… “And that repentance and remission of sins should be preached in his name among all nations, beginning at Jerusalem. And ye are witnesses of these things. And, behold, I send the promise of my Father upon you: but tarry ye in the city of Jerusalem, until ye be endued with power from on high.” Luke 24:47-49

Now… noting references to the Apostles, continue to follow the pronouns from Acts 1 through to Acts 2:40.

Beginning of the Church C

Acts 1:1-26 The former treatise have I made, O Theophilus, of all that Jesus began both to do and teach, 2 Until the day in which he was taken up, after that he through the Holy Ghost had given commandments unto the apostles whom he had chosen: 3 To whom also he shewed himself alive after his passion by many infallible proofs, being seen of them forty days, and speaking of the things pertaining to the kingdom of God: 4 And, being assembled together with them, commanded them that they should not depart from Jerusalem, but wait for the promise of the Father, which, saith he, ye have heard of me. 5 For John truly baptized with water; but ye shall be baptized with the Holy Ghost not many days hence. 6 When they therefore were come together, they asked of him, saying, Lord, wilt thou at this time restore again the kingdom to Israel? 7 And he said unto them, It is not for you to know the times or the seasons, which the Father hath put in his own power. 8 But ye shall receive power, after that the Holy Ghost is come upon you: and ye shall be witnesses unto me both in Jerusalem, and in all Judaea, and in Samaria, and unto the uttermost part of the earth. 9 And when he had spoken these things, while they beheld, he was taken up; and a cloud received him out of their sight. 10 And while they looked stedfastly toward heaven as he went up, behold, two men stood by them in white apparel; 11 Which also said, Ye men of Galilee, why stand ye gazing up into heaven? this same Jesus, which is taken up from you into heaven, shall so come in like manner as ye have seen him go into heaven. 12 Then returned they unto Jerusalem from the mount called Olivet, which is from Jerusalem a sabbath day's journey. 13 And when they were come in, they went up into an upper room, where abode both Peter, and James, and John, and Andrew, Philip, and Thomas, Bartholomew, and Matthew, James the son of Alphaeus, and Simon Zelotes, and Judas the brother of James. 14 These all continued with one accord in prayer and supplication, with the women, and Mary the mother of Jesus, and with his brethren. 15 And in those days Peter stood up in the midst of the disciples, and said, (the number of names together were about an hundred and twenty,) 16 Men and brethren, this scripture must needs have been fulfilled, which the Holy Ghost by the mouth of David spake before concerning Judas, which was guide to them that took Jesus. 17 For he was numbered with us, and had obtained part of this ministry. 18 Now this man purchased a field with the reward of iniquity; and falling headlong, he burst asunder in the midst, and all his bowels gushed out. 19 And it was known unto all the dwellers at Jerusalem; insomuch as that field is called in their proper tongue, Aceldama, that is to say, The field of blood. 20 For it is written in the book of Psalms, Let his habitation be desolate, and let no man dwell therein: and his bishoprick let another take. 21 Wherefore of these men which have companied with us all the time that the Lord Jesus went in and out among us, 22 Beginning from the baptism of John, unto that same day that he was taken up from us, must one be ordained to be a witness with us of his resurrection. 23 And they appointed two, Joseph called Barsabas, who was surnamed Justus, and Matthias. 24 And they prayed, and said, Thou, Lord, which knowest the hearts of all men, shew whether of these two thou hast chosen, 25 That he may take part of this ministry and apostleship, from which Judas by transgression fell, that he might go to his own place. 26 And they gave forth their lots; and the lot fell upon Matthias; and he was numbered with the eleven apostles.

Acts 2:1-15 And when the day of Pentecost was fully come, they were all with one accord in one place. 2 And suddenly there came a sound from heaven as of a rushing mighty wind, and it filled all the house where they were sitting. 3 And there appeared unto them cloven tongues like as of fire, and it sat upon each of them. 4 And they were all filled with the Holy Ghost, and began to speak with other tongues, as the Spirit gave them utterance. 5 And there were dwelling at Jerusalem Jews, devout men, out of every nation under heaven. 6 Now when this was noised abroad, the multitude came together, and were confounded, because that every man heard them speak in his own language. 7 And they were all amazed and marvelled, saying one to another, Behold, are not all these which speak Galilaeans? 8 And how hear we every man in our own tongue, wherein we were born? 9 Parthians, and Medes, and Elamites, and the dwellers in Mesopotamia, and in Judaea, and Cappadocia, in Pontus, and Asia, 10 Phrygia, and Pamphylia, in Egypt, and in the parts of Libya about Cyrene, and strangers of Rome, Jews and proselytes, 11 Cretes and Arabians, we do hear them speak in our tongues the wonderful works of God. 12 And they were all amazed, and were in doubt, saying one to another, What meaneth this? 13 Others mocking said, These men are full of new wine. 14 But Peter, standing up with the eleven, lifted up his voice, and said unto them, Ye men of Judaea, and all ye that dwell at Jerusalem, be this known unto you, and hearken to my words: 15 For these are not drunken, as ye suppose, seeing it is but the third hour of the day.

Acts 2:36-47 Therefore let all the house of Israel know assuredly, that God hath made that same Jesus, whom ye have crucified, both Lord and Christ. 37 Now when they heard this, they were pricked in their heart, and said unto Peter and to the rest of the apostles, Men and brethren, what shall we do? 38 Then Peter said unto them, Repent, and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the remission of sins, and ye shall receive the gift of the Holy Ghost. 39 For the promise is unto you, and to your children, and to all that are afar off, even as many as the Lord our God shall call. 40 And with many other words did he testify and exhort, saying, Save yourselves from this untoward generation. 41 Then they that gladly received his word were baptized: and the same day there were added unto them about three thousand souls. 42 And they continued stedfastly in the apostles' doctrine and fellowship, and in breaking of bread, and in prayers. 43 And fear came upon every soul: and many wonders and signs were done by the apostles. 44 And all that believed were together, and had all things common; 45 And sold their possessions and goods, and parted them to all men, as every man had need. 46 And they, continuing daily with one accord in the temple, and breaking bread from house to house, did eat their meat with gladness and singleness of heart, 47 Praising God, and having favour with all the people. And the Lord added to the church daily such as should be saved.

Continuing Along the Act's Path:

From here, we’re going to mark the trail carrying on through to the opening of the ‘door of faith’, to the Gentiles, via Paul in Acts 13-14. This will then be followed with a review of this path.

<|> About three thousand souls are added to ‘them’ the Apostles.

Acts 2:41 Then they that gladly received his word were baptized: and the same day there were added unto them about three thousand souls.

<|> The Lord added to the church daily such as should saved.

Acts 2:47 Praising God, and having favour with all the people. And the Lord added to the church daily such as should be saved.

<|> Fear came upon all the church.

Acts 5:11 And great fear came upon all the church, and upon as many as heard these things.

<|> Believers were the more added to the Lord.

Acts 5:14 And believers were the more added to the Lord, multitudes both of men and women.

<|> A contrast is made to the church in the wilderness.

Acts 7:38 This is he, that was in the church in the wilderness with the angel which spake to him in the mount Sina, and with our fathers: who received the lively oracles to give unto us:

<|> Reference is made of great persecution against the church which was at Jerusalem.

Acts 8:1 And Saul was consenting unto his death. And at that time there was a great persecution against the church which was at Jerusalem; and they were all scattered abroad throughout the regions of Judaea and Samaria, except the apostles.

<|> A general reference is made to the church.

Acts 8:3 As for Saul, he made havock of the church, entering into every house, and haling men and women committed them to prison.

<|> Paul’s persecution of the saints was a persecution against Christ.

Acts 9:4 And he fell to the earth, and heard a voice saying unto him, Saul, Saul, why persecutest thou me?

Acts 9:13 Then Ananias answered, Lord, I have heard by many of this man, how much evil he hath done to thy saints at Jerusalem:

<|> Reference is now made regarding churches throughout the regions.

Acts 9:31 Then had the churches rest throughout all Judaea and Galilee and Samaria, and were edified; and walking in the fear of the Lord, and in the comfort of the Holy Ghost, were multiplied.

<|> Reference made to the church in Jerusalem.

Acts 11:22 Then tidings of these things came unto the ears of the church which was in Jerusalem: and they sent forth Barnabas, that he should go as far as Antioch.

<|> Much people were added unto the Lord.

Acts 11:24 For he was a good man, and full of the Holy Ghost and of faith: and much people was added unto the Lord.

<|> Jewish disciples were first called Christians at the church at Antioch in Syria.

Acts 11:26 And when he had found him, he brought him unto Antioch. And it came to pass, that a whole year they assembled themselves with the church, and taught much people. And the disciples were called Christians first in Antioch.

<|> Herod threatens certain of the church.

Acts 12:1 Now about that time Herod the king stretched forth his hands to vex certain of the church.

<|> The church prayed for Peter.

Acts 12:5 Peter therefore was kept in prison: but prayer was made without ceasing of the church unto God for him.

<|> Barnabas and Saul (Paul) commissioned from the church at Antioch in Syria.

Acts 13:1-3 Now there were in the church that was at Antioch certain prophets and teachers; as Barnabas, and Simeon that was called Niger, and Lucius of Cyrene, and Manaen, which had been brought up with Herod the tetrarch, and Saul. 2 As they ministered to the Lord, and fasted, the Holy Ghost said, Separate me Barnabas and Saul for the work whereunto I have called them. 3 And when they had fasted and prayed, and laid their hands on them, they sent them away.

Under witness of certain prophets and teachers, Barnabas and Saul (Paul) are commissioned, via the Holy Ghost, for the work whereunto they were called that led to the opening of the ‘door of faith’ to the Gentiles.

<|> The church at Antioch in Syria revisited; door of faith opened to Gentiles.

Acts 14:26-28 And thence sailed to Antioch, from whence they had been recommended to the grace of God for the work which they fulfilled. 27 And when they were come, and had gathered the church together, they rehearsed all that God had done with them, and how he had opened the door of faith unto the Gentiles. 28 And there they abode long time with the disciples.

Path Review:

A scriptural trail has just been traced leading back to the Apostles, prior to Pentecost, to the day in which Paul and Barnabas are commissioned, from a Jewish Christian church, for on a journey that leads to the opening up the ‘door of faith’ to Gentiles. On this path we’ve seen 3,000 souls added unto the Apostles, the Lord adding to the church, believers added unto the Lord, along with usage of the word ‘church’, that’s applicable collectively or to locality.

Paul’s Act's Path Forward:

It is essential that we continue along the path that Paul takes in fulfilling his call, which eventually leads to the converted non-covenanted Gentiles addressed in Ephesians and Colossians. In doing so, we’re first reminded of Paul’s statement concerning the spread of the gospel of Christ… “For I am not ashamed of the gospel of Christ: for it is the power of God unto salvation to every one that believeth; to the Jew first, and also to the Greek.” Romans 1:16

Now, tracing Paul from him being commissioned, we continue from Acts 13 through Acts 19, where we see Paul’ s faithfulness to not only the sequence of the gospel, but as to where his focus was… the synagogues of the Jews. What CANNOT be missed, along this path, is that it is in and around the synagogues that the first Greeks/Gentiles are recorded as being saved! A focus MUST remain on the nature of the audience!

<|> Synagogue at Salamis

Acts 13:5 And when they were at Salamis, they preached the word of God in the synagogues of the Jews: and they had also John to their minister.

<|> Synagogue at Antioch in Pisidia

Acts 13:14-16 But when they departed from Perga, they came to Antioch in Pisidia, and went into the synagogue on the sabbath day, and sat down. 15 And after the reading of the law and the prophets the rulers of the synagogue sent unto them, saying, Ye men and brethren, if ye have any word of exhortation for the people, say on. 16 Then Paul stood up, and beckoning with his hand said, Men of Israel, and ye that fear God, give audience. 42-43 And when the Jews were gone out of the synagogue, the Gentiles besought that these words might be preached to them the next sabbath. 43 Now when the congregation was broken up, many of the Jews and religious proselytes followed Paul and Barnabas: who, speaking to them, persuaded them to continue in the grace of God.

<|> Synagogue at Iconium

Acts 14:1-2 And it came to pass in Iconium, that they went both together into the synagogue of the Jews, and so spake, that a great multitude both of the Jews and also of the Greeks believed. 2 But the unbelieving Jews stirred up the Gentiles, and made their minds evil affected against the brethren.

<|>Synagogue at Thessalonica

Acts 17:1-2 Now when they had passed through Amphipolis and Apollonia, they came to Thessalonica, where was a synagogue of the Jews: 2 And Paul, as his manner was, went in unto them, and three sabbath days reasoned with them out of the scriptures, 4 And some of them believed, and consorted with Paul and Silas; and of the devout Greeks a great multitude, and of the chief women not a few.

<|> Synagogue at Berea

Acts 17:10-12 And the brethren immediately sent away Paul and Silas by night unto Berea: who coming thither went into the synagogue of the Jews. 11 These were more noble than those in Thessalonica, in that they received the word with all readiness of mind, and searched the scriptures daily, whether those things were so. 12 Therefore many of them believed; also of honourable women which were Greeks, and of men, not a few.

<|> Synagogue at Athens and in the Market

Acts 17:16-17 Now while Paul waited for them at Athens, his spirit was stirred in him, when he saw the city wholly given to idolatry. 17 Therefore disputed he in the synagogue with the Jews, and with the devout persons, and in the market daily with them that met with him.

...and in the Market

Acts 17:23 For as I passed by, and beheld your devotions, I found an altar with this inscription, TO THE UNKNOWN GOD. Whom therefore ye ignorantly worship, him declare I unto you.

<|> Synagogue at Corinth

Acts 18:1 After these things Paul departed from Athens, and came to Corinth; 4-6 And he reasoned in the synagogue every sabbath, and persuaded the Jews and the Greeks. 5 And when Silas and Timotheus were come from Macedonia, Paul was pressed in the spirit, and testified to the Jews that Jesus was Christ. 6 And when they opposed themselves, and blasphemed, he shook his raiment, and said unto them, Your blood be upon your own heads; I am clean: from henceforth I will go unto the Gentiles.

House joined hard to the synagogue at Corinth

Acts 18:7-8 And he departed thence, and entered into a certain man's house, named Justus, one that worshipped God, whose house joined hard to the synagogue. 8 And Crispus, the chief ruler of the synagogue, believed on the Lord with all his house; and many of the Corinthians hearing believed, and were baptized.

<|>Synagogue at Ephesus

Acts 18:19 And he came to Ephesus, and left them there: but he himself entered into the synagogue, and reasoned with the Jews.

<|> Synagogue at Ephesus

Acts 19:1, 8 And it came to pass, that, while Apollos was at Corinth, Paul having passed through the upper coasts came to Ephesus: and finding certain disciples,… 8 And he went into the synagogue, and spake boldly for the space of three months, disputing and persuading the things concerning the kingdom of God.

<|> School of one Tyrannus at Ephesus

Paul’s Act's Path Update:

What cannot be over emphasized is Paul’s audience and the transition of this audience. From the very beginning, his audience included both Jew and Greek/Gentile, found in and around the synagogues! This crowd consisted of the religious and pious/devout (Greeks who feared God). This crowd was definitely well aware of Abraham and Israel’s covenant promises.

At Athens (Acts 17), a third group of people are introduced into the mix and that being those of the market place. Certain of this crowd referred to Paul as a ‘babbler’ and “…other some, He seemeth to be a setter forth of strange gods: because he preached unto them Jesus, and the resurrection.” Howbeit certain men clave unto him, and believed: among the which Dionysius the Areopagite, and a woman named Damaris, and others with them.” Acts 17:34

In Acts 18 & 19, things came to a head! Paul encounters more resistance from the religious Jews, when entering their synagogues. The second of three announcements… ‘we turn to the Gentiles’, is made (Acts 18:6; 13:46; 28:28). After Paul witnessed Gentiles, who feared and worshipped God, become believers, Paul moves his focus of study from the synagogues… “to disputing daily in the school of one Tyrannus.”

It is from Acts 19, where we see the gospel of Christ going beyond the confines of the synagogues, that consisted of the religious Jews and devout Gentiles, to any and all Jews and Greeks/Gentiles regardless of any ‘religious’ or ‘pagan’ inclinations… “And this continued by the space of two years; so that all they which dwelt in Asia heard the word of the Lord Jesus, both Jews and Greeks.” Acts 19:10

It is my conviction that it is this crowd of Gentiles, along with their converts, that Paul later addresses in his Ephesians’ epistle. Though summoning a visit with the Ephesus’ church elders in Acts 20, while at Miltetus, Acts 19 is Paul’s last recorded stay at Ephesus. Paul was still on course in fulfilling his ministry… “But none of these things move me, neither count I my life dear unto myself, so that I might finish my course with joy, and the ministry, which I have received of the Lord Jesus, to testify the gospel of the grace of God.” Acts 20:24

Ephesians 6:18-20 Praying always with all prayer and supplication in the Spirit, and watching thereunto with all perseverance and supplication for all saints; 19 And for me, that utterance may be given unto me, that I may open my mouth boldly, to make known the mystery of the gospel, 20 For which I am an ambassador in bonds: that therein I may speak boldly, as I ought to speak.

that I may open my mouth boldly, to make known the mystery of the gospel
For which I am an ambassador in bonds

Up through Acts 17, churches that where assembled, as a result of Paul’s ministry, consisted mostly of converts made in and around the synagogues. Obviously, these converts started to assemble outside of the synagogues and aparently in houses (Rom 16:5; 1Co 16:19; Col 4:15; Phm 2). When opportunity arose, Paul would visit these churches (Acts 14:23; 15:41; 16:5; 18:22; 20:17).

Act’s 13 Argument for Start of the Church

For reasons, that would appear rather convincing, Acts 13 is common ground for many who want to start the church, the body of Christ, that is without distinction between Jew and Gentile (1Co 12:13; Gal 3:28). Paul was most definitely concerned about building upon another man’s foundation, while reminding that no other foundation can be laid other than that was laid, which is Jesus Christ?

Romans 15:20 Yea, so have I strived to preach the gospel, not where Christ was named, lest I should build upon another man's foundation:

1 Corinthians 3:9-11 For we are labourers together with God: ye are God's husbandry, ye are God's building. 10 According to the grace of God which is given unto me, as a wise masterbuilder, I have laid the foundation, and another buildeth thereon. But let every man take heed how he buildeth thereupon. 11 For other foundation can no man lay than that is laid, which is Jesus Christ.

For other foundation can no man lay than that is laid, which is Jesus Christ

Yet, as Paul instructed Timothy to remind the Corinthians, of his ways which be in Christ, as he taught everywhere in every church, he challenged the idea that Christ is divided? This was done in context of ministries spanning clear back to a disciple of John the Baptist… and to Christ Himself!

1 Corinthians 4:17 For this cause have I sent unto you Timotheus, who is my beloved son, and faithful in the Lord, who shall bring you into remembrance of my ways which be in Christ, as I teach every where in every church.

who shall bring you into remembrance of my ways which be in Christ
as I teach every where in every church

1 Corinthians 1:12-13 Now this I say, that every one of you saith, I am of Paul; and I of Apollos; and I of Cephas; and I of Christ. 13 Is Christ divided? was Paul crucified for you? or were ye baptized in the name of Paul?

Is Christ divided?

Seeing distinctions, as well as a common denominator, is what makes this subject, as to where the church actually started, complicated in the eyes of many… “But as God hath distributed to every man, as the Lord hath called every one, so let him walk. And so ordain I in all churches. Is any man called being circumcised? let him not become uncircumcised. Is any called in uncircumcision? let him not be circumcised. Circumcision is nothing, and uncircumcision is nothing, but the keeping of the commandments of God. Let every man abide in the same calling wherein he was called.” Corinthians 7:17-20

as the Lord hath called every one, so let him walk
Is any man called being circumcised? let him not become uncircumcised
Is any called in uncircumcision? let him not be circumcised
Circumcision is nothing, and uncircumcision is nothing, but the keeping of the commandments of God
Let every man abide in the same calling wherein he was called

While ministering in the synagogues, during the mid-Acts period, Paul had to walk a fine line and was held accountable for his actions and teachings when standing before the elders at Jerusalem… "And they are informed of thee, that thou teachest all the Jews which are among the Gentiles to forsake Moses, saying that they ought not to circumcise their children, neither to walk after the customs. 22 What is it therefore? the multitude must needs come together: for they will hear that thou art come." Acts 21:21-22

A Mixed Multitude Went Up Also With Them

Here, I want to remind the reader that when Moses led Israel through the red sea, they were accompanied with a mixed multitude. When Paul paralleled the Jew and Gentile baptism ‘into Christ’, by one Spirit, with that of Israel’s baptism ‘unto Moses’, did it make more sense to the recipients, of the Corinth epistle, that Paul’s parallel started with a body that included the Apostles, or just those Jews after Acts 13?

Exodus 12:37-38 And the children of Israel journeyed from Rameses to Succoth, about six hundred thousand on foot that were men, beside children. 38 And a mixed multitude went up also with them; and flocks, and herds, even very much cattle.

1 Corinthians 10:1-2 Moreover, brethren, I would not that ye should be ignorant, how that all our fathers were under the cloud, and all passed through the sea; 2 And were all baptized unto Moses in the cloud and in the sea;

1 Corinthians 12:13 For by one Spirit are we all baptized into one body, whether we be Jews or Gentiles, whether we be bond or free; and have been all made to drink into one Spirit.

Two choices in deduction...

1. Personally, it makes more bible-sense in recognizing a church 'in Christ', starting with the Apostles, that is being fitly framed together, that growth unto an holy temple in the Lord. Hopes and callings, relating to both heaven and earth, will be revealed and come together in the dispensation of the fullness of times.

2. The alternative choice is rather obvious. After the Lord Jesus announces to Peter that He will build 'my' church, He then drags His feet till either Acts 9, Acts 13, Acts 19 or Acts 28? If, on the other hand, Jesus starts building 'my' church with the Apostles, but then starts another church, which is His body with Jew and Gentile then on equal basis, we now have the issue of the beginning and ending of one church, while still determining the start of another?

Ephesians 1:22-23 And hath put all things under his feet, and gave him to be the head over all things to the church, 23 Which is his body, the fulness of him that filleth all in all.

Ephesians 2:18-22 For through him we both have access by one Spirit unto the Father. 19 Now therefore ye are no more strangers and foreigners, but fellowcitizens with the saints, and of the household of God; 20 And are built upon the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Jesus Christ himself being the chief corner stone; 21 In whom all the building fitly framed together groweth unto an holy temple in the Lord: 22 In whom ye also are builded together for an habitation of God through the Spirit.

That Other Mystery

The 'Rapture'

Before returning attention back to Romans 11, to cover remaining passages, there’s one other issue that I want to touch on, that often comes into play, as to when one argues the start of the church; the ‘rapture’.

A time period, in which a particular subject is introduced, plays a big role in its interpretation, as I hope this chapter is demonstrating. Back in the mid 1980’s, I gave up on trying to prove and/or defend the pre-trib rapture theory, that is largely based on scripture in 1 Corinthians 15 and 1 & 2 Thessalonians. Anyone who boasts having all the answers to eschatology, isn’t being exactly truthful. How many times have I heard or read commentary on a passage, in which surrounding verses were ignored or in running to the Greek, to prove a word can mean either this or that? In my lifetime, I have witnessed many to forecast the day, of the return of the Lord Jesus Christ, to then be made fools of.

Still having more questions than answers, I’m going to give my reasoning for backing off on the pre-trib rapture position. Paul emphasizes two things, in his pre-prison epistles, that I believe should be taken into serious consideration in determining when the ‘rapture’ may or may not take place. Neither of these involves the expression ‘last trump’, which is virtually impossible to defend in explanation of ending this dispensation of the grace of God for Gentiles... and not Israel!

We Which Are Alive Remain & the Wrath of God

The two things, to be mentioned, go hand in hand. That being of Paul including himself with those in expectation of being around at the return of Christ, while at same time having stated to have been spared of the wrath of God. In context, the wrath of God would have been that which both John the Baptist and Peter warned about that would fall upon Israel (Mt 3:7; Lk 11:50-51; Acts 2:40).

1 Corinthians 15:51-52 Behold, I shew you a mystery; We shall not all sleep, but we shall all be changed, 52 In a moment, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trump: for the trumpet shall sound, and the dead shall be raised incorruptible, and we shall be changed.

1 Thessalonians 1:10 And to wait for his Son from heaven, whom he raised from the dead, even Jesus, which delivered us from the wrath to come.

1 Thessalonians 2:19 For what is our hope, or joy, or crown of rejoicing? Are not even ye in the presence of our Lord Jesus Christ at his coming?

1 Thessalonians 4:15-17 For this we say unto you by the word of the Lord, that we which are alive and remain unto the coming of the Lord shall not prevent them which are asleep. 16 For the Lord himself shall descend from heaven with a shout, with the voice of the archangel, and with the trump of God: and the dead in Christ shall rise first: 17 Then we which are alive and remain shall be caught up together with them in the clouds, to meet the Lord in the air: and so shall we ever be with the Lord.

1 Thessalonians 5:23 And the very God of peace sanctify you wholly; and I pray God your whole spirit and soul and body be preserved blameless unto the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ.

2 Thessalonians 1:7 And to you who are troubled rest with us, when the Lord Jesus shall be revealed from heaven with his mighty angels

2 Thessalonians 2:1 Now we beseech you, brethren, by the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ, and by our gathering together unto him,

2 Thessalonians 3:5 And the Lord direct your hearts into the love of God, and into the patient waiting for Christ.

What Exactly is the Mystery?

The mystery of 1 Corinthians 15:51-52 has absolutely, positively NOTHING to do with a SECRET rapture!

The mystery isn’t that of a secret rapture, but what happens to those who are alive and remain unto the coming of the Lord, if flesh and blood cannot inherit the kingdom of God? Resurrection was prophesied in the Old Testament, but question was never raised till now, as to what happens to the living ‘in Christ’, at the time of Lord’s coming? Also, notice that the expression is... the kingdom of God, and not kingdom of heaven. If my interpretation of Matthew 25 is correct, then there are going to be representatives, of sheep nations, walking around in the kingdom of heaven. The Lord Jesus Christ will be ruling with a rod of iron and such authority would obviously not be needed for those with glorified bodies?

There are certain subjects, in the bible, that I wouldn’t mind being wrong about and this is one of them. Howbeit, if I’m correct, there’s going to be a lot of confusion, among those who hold to a pre-trib rapture viewpoint, and perhaps some wrong decisions made as that day of the Lord draws nearer.

My lean-to position, on this subject, is a pre-wrath ‘rapture’ ( 2nd coming) and things won’t really start falling in place till God’s stopwatch starts ticking again in dealing with Israel; perhaps at the beginning of the 7-year tribulation?

In Paul’s letters to Timothy and Titus, Paul speaks of Christ’s appearing (1Tim 6:14; 2Tim 4:8; Tit 2:13). Question can be raised as to whether this appearing is directly tied to the sounding of the last trump… “I charge therefore before God, and the Lord Jesus Christ, who shall judge the quick and the dead at his appearing and his kingdom;” 2 Timothy 4:1

I also find it most interesting that ‘days’ are associated with the sounding of the seventh angel and there’s an obvious ‘appearance’, of the Lord, described in Revelations 6:14-17, preceding the wrath to come?

Revelation 10:7 But in the days of the voice of the seventh angel, when he shall begin to sound, the mystery of God should be finished, as he hath declared to his servants the prophets.

the days of the voice of the seventh angel
when he shall begin to sound
the mystery of God should be finished
as he hath declared to his servants the prophets

Revelation 6:14-17 And the heaven departed as a scroll when it is rolled together; and every mountain and island were moved out of their places. 15 And the kings of the earth, and the great men, and the rich men, and the chief captains, and the mighty men, and every bondman, and every free man, hid themselves in the dens and in the rocks of the mountains; 16 And said to the mountains and rocks, Fall on us, and hide us from the face of him that sitteth on the throne, and from the wrath of the Lamb: 17 For the great day of his wrath is come; and who shall be able to stand?

the heaven departed as a scroll
and hide us from the face of him that sitteth on the throne
For the great day of his wrath is come

1 Timothy 6:14 That thou keep this commandment without spot, unrebukeable, until the appearing of our Lord Jesus Christ:

2 Timothy 4:8 Henceforth there is laid up for me a crown of righteousness, which the Lord, the righteous judge, shall give me at that day: and not to me only, but unto all them also that love his appearing.

Titus 2:13 Looking for that blessed hope, and the glorious appearing of the great God and our Saviour Jesus Christ;

Is it simply a mere coincidence that there’s an ‘appear’ance recorded in Matthew 24:29-31, that’s associated with the sign of the Son of Man and angels gathering his elect from the four winds of heaven, with a great sound of a trumpet? Hmm…?

Matthew 24:29-31 Immediately after the tribulation of those days shall the sun be darkened, and the moon shall not give her light, and the stars shall fall from heaven, and the powers of the heavens shall be shaken: 30 And then shall appear the sign of the Son of man in heaven: and then shall all the tribes of the earth mourn, and they shall see the Son of man coming in the clouds of heaven with power and great glory. 31 And he shall send his angels with a great sound of a trumpet, and they shall gather together his elect from the four winds, from one end of heaven to the other.

then shall appear the sign of the Son of man in heaven
they shall see the Son of man coming in the clouds of heaven
And he shall send his angels with a great sound of a trumpet
and they shall gather together his elect from the four winds, from one end of heaven to the other

Without an exception, every pre-trib chart has an arrow directed up to the heavens in depicting the direction that the Lord takes after receiving His saints. True or not, there's not much scriptural evidence to back that up?

Why This Topic in This Discussion?

Why do I bring up this topic, within this study, on the fullness of the Gentiles? I tie the Gentiles, being saved during the mid-Acts period, to the Jewish Christians of the early Acts period, who were anticipating the return of Christ, during their lifetime, based on Israel’s repentance. Paul included himself, in expectation of the return of Christ during his lifetime, as well as acknowledging avoiding the wrath of God to come.

The mystery, of the blindness in part that has happened to Israel, until the fulness of the Gentiles come in, won’t cease till that part of the temple of God, being fitly framed together, be completed.

Mystery of 1Co 15 B

The Rest of Romans 11

Romans 11:11 I say then, Have they stumbled that they should fall? God forbid: but rather through their fall salvation is come unto the Gentiles, for to provoke them to jealousy.

Having first dealt with the ‘fullness of the Gentiles’, along with other surrounding issues, now makes it much easier in dealing with the remaining uncovered verses in this chapter. My commentary will follow the passages listed, that are yet to be analyzed, in dealing with specific issues that need to be clearly identified.

Romans 11:13-25 For I speak to you Gentiles, inasmuch as I am the apostle of the Gentiles, I magnify mine office: 14 If by any means I may provoke to emulation them which are my flesh, and might save some of them. 15 For if the casting away of them be the reconciling of the world, what shall the receiving of them be, but life from the dead? 16 For if the firstfruit be holy, the lump is also holy: and if the root be holy, so are the branches. 17 And if some of the branches be broken off, and thou, being a wild olive tree, wert graffed in among them, and with them partakest of the root and fatness of the olive tree; 18 Boast not against the branches. But if thou boast, thou bearest not the root, but the root thee. 19 Thou wilt say then, The branches were broken off, that I might be graffed in. 20 Well; because of unbelief they were broken off, and thou standest by faith. Be not highminded, but fear: 21 For if God spared not the natural branches, take heed lest he also spare not thee. 22 Behold therefore the goodness and severity of God: on them which fell, severity; but toward thee, goodness, if thou continue in his goodness: otherwise thou also shalt be cut off. 23 And they also, if they abide not still in unbelief, shall be graffed in: for God is able to graff them in again. 24 For if thou wert cut out of the olive tree which is wild by nature, and wert graffed contrary to nature into a good olive tree: how much more shall these, which be the natural branches, be graffed into their own olive tree? 25 For I would not, brethren, that ye should be ignorant of this mystery, lest ye should be wise in your own conceits; that blindness in part is happened to Israel, until the fulness of the Gentiles be come in.

Romans 11:28-36 As concerning the gospel, they are enemies for your sakes: but as touching the election, they are beloved for the fathers' sakes. 29 For the gifts and calling of God are without repentance. 30 For as ye in times past have not believed God, yet have now obtained mercy through their unbelief: 31 Even so have these also now not believed, that through your mercy they also may obtain mercy. 32 For God hath concluded them all in unbelief, that he might have mercy upon all. 33 O the depth of the riches both of the wisdom and knowledge of God! how unsearchable are his judgments, and his ways past finding out! 34 For who hath known the mind of the Lord? or who hath been his counseller? 35 Or who hath first given to him, and it shall be recompensed unto him again? 36 For of him, and through him, and to him, are all things: to whom be glory for ever. Amen.

[11:29] the gifts and calling of God are without repentance

In view of what all has already been covered, that included hopes and callings and the day in which all things will be gathered together in one, even in Christ, Paul’s statement in verse 29, is of most significance and therefore brought out first… “For the gifts and calling of God are without repentance.” God is not through with hopes and callings, relating to our Lord Jesus Christ, “Of whom the whole family in heaven and earth is named,” Ephesians 3:15

When we think of an ‘inheritance’, it’s typically our interest in what we’re getting out of something? Paul makes an opposite point in addressing these Gentiles in Ephesians… “The eyes of your understanding being enlightened; that ye may know what is the hope of his calling, and what the riches of the glory of his inheritance in the saints,” Ephesians 1:18

he eyes of your understanding being enlightened
that ye may know what is the hope of his calling
and what the riches of the glory of his inheritance in the saints

One day, we will understand completely how the various members, of the body of Christ, will function in its relationship to regathered Israel and the nations that will serve her during the 1,000-year reign of Christ. I believe that there will be those reigning with Christ, over the earthly realm, as well as those seated in the heavenly realm.

[11:13-14; 28-36] The Serving Purposes of Israel’s Blindness

Israel’s blindness in part served three purposes:

First, through the longsuffering of God, it brought opportunity to the Gentile that they didn’t previously have… “For as ye in times past have not believed God, yet have now obtained mercy through their unbelief”. v.30

Second, because a Jew, now being seen as a Gentile in unbelief, is bringing extended opportunity to the Jew that was lost at the time of Israel's rejection of their Messiah… “Even so have these also now not believed, that through your mercy they also may obtain mercy. For God hath concluded them all in unbelief, that he might have mercy upon all.” vv.31-32 At the time of the presentation of the kingdom offer to Israel, being at hand, the wrath of God was presented as soon on the horizon.

Third, God showing mercy to the Gentile, in which there was now a perception of acceptance, was to provoke a jealously factor. Actually, the exact opposite seems to have happened as the Jew resisted Paul at every opportunity… “Forbidding us to speak to the Gentiles that they might be saved, to fill up their sins alway: for the wrath is come upon them to the uttermost.” 1Thessalonians 2:16

[11:13-25] Firstfruit; Lump; Root; Grafting and Branches

Once the concept of what God is doing, in the progression of building the household of God, upon the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Jesus Christ being the chief corner stone is understood, all else begins to fall in place.

When John the Baptist came on the scene, he told the Pharisees and Sadducees… “And think not to say within yourselves, We have Abraham to our father: for I say unto you, that God is able of these stones to raise up children unto Abraham.” Matthew 3:9 Simply claiming ties to Abraham, through covenant promises, no longer cut it! John now demanded confession of sins and repentance from this covenanted seed.

For the Gentile, being grafted in Christ, via a baptism by the Spirit (Rom 6:1-4; 1Co 12:13; Gal 3:27-29), things are now different… “Therefore it is of faith, that it might be by grace; to the end the promise might be sure to all the seed; not to that only which is of the law, but to that also which is of the faith of Abraham; who is the father of us all,” Romans 4:16

Therefore it is of faith, that it might be by grace
to the end the promise might be sure to all the seed
not to that only which is of the law
but to that also which is of the faith of Abraham
who is the father of us all

Galatians 3:27-29 For as many of you as have been baptized into Christ have put on Christ. 28 There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither bond nor free, there is neither male nor female: for ye are all one in Christ Jesus. 29 And if ye be Christ's, then are ye Abraham's seed, and heirs according to the promise.

Philippians 3:3 For we are the circumcision, which worship God in the spirit, and rejoice in Christ Jesus, and have no confidence in the flesh.

Colossians 2:11 In whom also ye are circumcised with the circumcision made without hands, in putting off the body of the sins of the flesh by the circumcision of Christ:

The words ‘firstfruit’ and ‘firstfruits’, are obvious references to the Lord Jesus Christ and the early believers (Ro 8:23; Ro 11:16; Ro 16:5; 1Co 15:20,23; 1Co 16:15; Jas 1:18).

The ‘lump’, is in reference to the firstfruits, as the root and branches are clearly tied to the relationship between the Lord Jesus and the believer, as depicted by Jesus in John 15.

Romans 11:16 For if the firstfruit be holy, the lump is also holy: and if the root be holy, so are the branches.

John 15:4-8 Abide in me, and I in you. As the branch cannot bear fruit of itself, except it abide in the vine; no more can ye, except ye abide in me. 5 I am the vine, ye are the branches: He that abideth in me, and I in him, the same bringeth forth much fruit: for without me ye can do nothing. 6 If a man abide not in me, he is cast forth as a branch, and is withered; and men gather them, and cast them into the fire, and they are burned. 7 If ye abide in me, and my words abide in you, ye shall ask what ye will, and it shall be done unto you. 8 Herein is my Father glorified, that ye bear much fruit; so shall ye be my disciples.

The grafting aspect, of Paul’s argument, should now make perfect sense! As we see the blindness in part, happening to Israel, the inclusion of the Gentile via Paul’s ministry, are those Gentile believers being baptized into Christ, where Paul states there’s no distinction between Jew and Gentile. Though it is somewhat hard to comprehend how a Gentile’s conversion or God working His grace among the nations today, provokes jealously among the Jews or Israel, it was a factor the Romans were to consider then.

Closing Thought

In closing this chapter, on the fulness of the Gentiles, here’s a question to consider in trying to discern these things regarding the church, the body of Christ. When Peter sits on one of the thrones, judging the Twelve Tribes of Israel, along with the other Apostles, does he and they do so each, as a representative of one of the tribes, in being a Jew, or as a ruling representative of the Body of Christ, over a resurrected nation during the Millennium?

One day, when the fulness of the Gentile has completed, this dispensation of grace will end and God will again turn His attention to the nation of Israel.

In the mean time... "I beseech you therefore, brethren, by the mercies of God, that ye present your bodies a living sacrifice, holy, acceptable unto God, which is your reasonable service. And be not conformed to this world: but be ye transformed by the renewing of your mind, that ye may prove what is that good, and acceptable, and perfect, will of God." Romans 12:1-2

blindness in part to Israel

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